The application of industrial robots removes the need for humans to perform certain dangerous and harmful operations. However, robots themselves can also create dangerous conditions and threaten human safety. Accidents and even fatalities reported from overseas have proven that industrial robots can be hazardous if no safeguard is provided to eliminate the potential hazards. Therefore, it is essential that robot users and manufacturers recognize the potential hazards and implement safeguards to eliminate them.

This booklet describes hazards associated with the application of industrial robots and the basic principles of guarding to ensure human safety. Hazard analysis and the safety precautions and procedures to be taken for programming and maintenance of the robot are also discussed.

Table of Contents

ABSTRACT
INTRODUCTION
HAZARDS ASSOCIATED WITH ROBOTS
1. Control Errors
2. Mechanical Hazards
3. Environmental Hazards
4. Human Errors
5. Ancillary Equipment
FAULT TREE ANALYSIS
RISK ASSESSMENT
REQUIREMENTS OF THE MACHINERY ACT 1950
GUARDING DURING OPERATION
Mechanical Guards with Safety Interlock
Presence Sensing Devices
Trip Devices
Emergency Stop Switches
Screens between Station
Work Envelope Limit Stop
PROGRAMMING OR 'TEACHING'
M A I N T E N A N C E
ANCILLARY EQUIPMENT
ASSOCIATED SAFETY AND HEALTH MATTERS
REFERENCES