Approved Code of Practice for Cranes
Part 16: Other cranes or equipment used as cranes
16.1 General
This Part includes but is not limited to:
- Monorails
- Pillar cranes
- Guy derricks
- Scotch derricks
- Jib cranes
- Dockside container cranes (all types)
- Mobile plant configured for lifting or carrying suspended loads.
All crane lifting gear shall be certified by a CPEng.
These cranes (both new and second-hand) require design verification by an inspection body in accordance with the PECPR Regulations and Parts 2, 3 and 6 of this code, prior to certification for use within New Zealand.
Parts 4, 7, 8 and 9 of this code also apply.
(1) For minimum load safety device requirements required on the various crane types, refer to Appendix A: Load Safety Devices/Safe Load Indicators.
(2) For dockside container cranes (all types), a statement to confirm that the seismic requirements and wind loadings for operating in New Zealand have been taken into account in the design calculations as per Appendices D and E is required. The stability factor shall be as per AS 1418.4: Cranes, Hoists and Winches - Tower Cranes or an equivalent standard. It is expected that the coefficient zone factor of 1.2 will apply to all cranes. Wind forces are to be calculated as per AS/NZS 1170.2: Structural Design Actions - Wind Actions. Refer to section 5.1.
All dockside container cranes must have an anemometer fitted.
16.2 Additional Requirements
In addition to the requirements in Part 16.1 and the relevant sections in Parts 3 and 13, the following are also required:
(1)
(a) For cranes designed to AS 1418.3: Cranes (Including Hoists and Winches) - Bridge, Gantry and Portal Cranes (Including Container Cranes), the maximum deflection for wall-mounted cranes is 1/300th of the jib length, and for non-wall-mounted cranes, the calculated deflection shall not exceed L/300 where L is the length of the jib plus length of freestanding post.
(b) For monorails designed to BS 2853: Specification for the Design and Testing of Steel Overhead Runway Beams, a deflection test under load to ensure a maximum deflection of no more than 1/500th of the monorail span.
(2) Annual visual and functional inspections are required to assess the general condition for continued safe operation and certification. This should cover (but is not necessarily limited to) the items for gantry cranes (part 13.2 refers) but also taking into account any special design features that may be part of an individual crane installation.
(a) In the case of Scotch derricks, visual inspection of the heel and top pins, backstays, bridle and sleepers shall be included.
(b) Scotch derricks are to be retested to 125% of the maximum SWL when dismantled and resited.
(c) For jibs and guy derricks, visual inspection of heel pins shall be included.
(d) For dockside container cranes, inspection of the personnel lift (if fitted) shall be included.
(3) Monorails, pillar and jib cranes, subject to the PECPR Regulations, with a SWL of 1 tonne or less, are to have design verification, followed by a first inspection by an equipment inspector as per 16.2(1) and 16.2(2). For this inspection the controller will also provide the equipment inspector with a chartered professional engineer's report on the supporting structure being capable of carrying the load. After this first inspection, further inspections can be carried out by a competent person and documented in a register.
(4) Telehandlers used as cranes have potential stability issues when travelling over sloping or undulating ground carrying a suspended load. Owners of telehandlers and those responsible for their use should ensure they have all applicable information from the supplier of the machine, including the maximum operational slope and other limitations. They should also ensure the machines they have responsibility for have been designed to accommodate the required attachments and are suitable for the tasks they are to perform and the location they are intended to be used in. Where a telehandler is intended to lift freely suspended loads by a jib attachment or other means and is capable of slewing its boom through more than 5º then written confirmation that the machine complies with AS 1418.5 (Cranes, Hoists and Winches - Mobile Cranes) (or an equivalent standard) should be available onsite. BS EN 1459: Safety of Industrial Trucks -Self-Propelled Variable Reach Trucks is not an equivalent standard for the use of telehandlers as mobile cranes; the stability requirements of BS EN 1459 do not cover this configuration.
(5) When mobile plant, for example a tractor, configured for lifting or carrying suspended loads is being used in a manner associated with its primary function, the plant is not regarded as a crane. For example, if a tractor is being used to dig a trench, then carry or lift drainage pipes into a hole, the tractor is NOT regarded as a crane. However, mobile plant configured for lifting or carrying suspended loads performing lifting duties not directly associated with their primary function is regarded as a crane and must have:
(a) Hose burst protection valves supplied or recommended by the equipment manufacturer fitted to all hydraulic lines supplying cylinders which support the load
(b) Lifting hooks or eyes rated equal to or greater than the maximum lifting capacity of the machine. These lifting hooks or eyes must be installed to the specification of a CPEng and tested by an equipment inspector before first use. In the case of excavators and similar machines it is recommended that hooks are of the fully enclosed type.
(6) In all cases where two or more cranes or travelling hoists are on the same runway then proximity devices, which prevent contact between the cranes/hoists at other than very slow speed, must be fitted to all cranes/hoists in addition to shock absorbing buffers.
(7) If not specified in the standard the crane was designed to, for crane speeds less than 40 m/min buffers are acceptable. However, for speeds greater than 40m/m then proximity switches or devices are necessary.
Picture 7: Telehandler